Process of reducing metallic oxids.



51m/vento@ PATENTED 00T. 24, 1905 T. S. BLAIR, JE. ROGESS OF .REDUCINGMETALLIC OXIDS IUPLIOATIULr IILBD SEPT: l

y AWA v T/zozha/s :y Blair,

" my www i NU Application fihalieptcmhurl.,190%. rrlsl No. '123,(33'7llnrgnly and ro proridl l'or tho economical charging' and r'liscliarnino'ol tho l'nrnarc oin- 55' ly invention rclnlioa to iniprovements in i irocensof; Ior reducing' inetallir: oxidn mixed with grangne, especiallyiron onids7 whereby i ani enahled tomononiically produce .rrouglu,`A 1iron direct l'roni the orc and which ns lrco` groin incljnlloidy and is;in condillon i`or nso, as

iereinal'tcr dcscrihod and clainieih ln the acoonn :rnynnr drawingg'stVlilgrnrel is an ele"ation o'lE one lorni olY l'nrnarc which may ho nscdin carrying` ont nrt* improved 1 v prot-oss. Plan2isasccllonalViewol'fhcaanie.

Referring; lo the drawings, which s-show one l'orin ol' lnrnace 't' tionof my process, fr is a steel or iron shell lined with .anitahlerefractory,V material l1, auch an inagncsite or chrome Iii-ich.supported on and revolved hy thc shipportinn4N rolle-rs v, which ning'he driven hy :my Sui'iahle means. The 'furnace isprovided with a reinovahle connection to a d 'altflhm 1, which is i connected with thochimney-stach (not Shown) ol.' conilnlsthin. 'lhia relnovahle connectionalso acts an a door through whlch the oro may he introduced into the'furnace andthe hall of metallic iron withdrawn troni the l'nrnacc. 'lhefurnaca in provided with a tap-hole .fg whirl Atables the molten cinderto he clin' charged 'iroin the furnace. The latter is 'l`u1- thorprovided with a door j", haring' an opening through which an oil or`gras hrn'ner `f/ prn-` jecl's for the purpose ol introducing thoredueing gas or atmosphere to the interior ol.f the furnace. The saiddoor in also provided with an opening" J, llaw'ing, n renioval'ile coverthrough which thc operation ol the furnace may be observed. This door isno coi'intrncted that it may he readilr7 removed from the end of thefurnace, so that it alno may hc used for the introd notion of the oreand the withdrawal of the metal in the lorrn of a ball.

To enable my process to hc carried on hat ma) he uned in the operm.

This shell in plow-rd.. l prill'rralil'i' hnild the Elnrnn, a ahh? lf.'sidi; willi their sind#` in linr, and mnploy an rhectric charging"machinea willi chart-in hormis, uch nx is in connnon me 'mchalopoirhcarth sl'rol-nielling' l'urnncnf-i opor( in iront ol one vnd olllnl l'nrnar-c and rnhiplf rd V.for ',:liarifinhi the orA al .anch ondot nach l'urnacc and alao emploi` a iilnilar machine equipped with.anitahle tonni; operating' in l'ronl' ol the oppositf: end oll lhf5l'nrnaue l'or the witlulrawal ol the iron halla.

'lhe operation o." my improved proscar` izan follows: yl`hr` nirtallicoxidn lo he rodurod :iro lineljiY lronnlh il 1i 1l:nli'a^;nl;, inprannlar l'ornn and are rlzarn'od into the .Vul-rhum 'ii/horn the", "2

:1re oxtpoaod to and enwloped in a rrdnciin; ldeoxidiL/,ingl a nioaphormwhirh naar lie oli-- tained lift' the partial oolnlnifdiion oi mii-honor l'iydrocarhnnranchintroduced troni ihr hurra In. loal. maligna or oilniniY he wird to in v 75 atmen-i-` duce anch ganen and .finch redinfiin;phcro. i millicicnt quantityv ol' the 'isch hurried to crealg, atemperature ol 'from to 1,000 iiahrcnhcit,which in lQullieiont ha'chfniieal r factionn required l'o11'e1n ,wr1l ofthe ofrygrn lroin themetallic oxida, lint hearing nncminunied a grcat proportion ol thc rmluinw agents, (ca 'honanrl lirdrogein) which hnrn A real er allinirgr thaniron or other similar niet" l alla for oxyiron deconiprwf tho metallicoahln al. 535 for the pnrpono oll carrying ol'lI the products .auchtrniperature and unito with the oxygen, the products ol thisyfifonlhnnlion panning' ont el tlniurnace and leaving the iron or othcr:notai lire-,ated praclically free from all iinrnirition. llnriiigg;this operation thc turrnnzn ia mechanic ally revolved or rotated, theelileet lining.; to pone 'the linclyalirifled nnrtclen of the metalliconidss to intimate and tl'iorongh Contact with the heated reducing'agentsa inaurilny rapid and completo deoziidn'iion and lniniinimn he 95luci minnnrnptionand also cansiingu the, .iron

or other metal to gnthcr together in ii, hall similar to the ordinarypuddle-hall as it na ta with its oxygen and assumes the nire forni.ifif'hen the oxygen hatv :lll been i, hated from ehnniica combinationwith the metal., the temperature in the lrnnacii-y is inM creased hycanning' a more complete oornlninu tion o1 the foci, so ns to melt the,ojnnero nr extraneous matter contained in the i. ncrii m5: and burn ontthe metalloicln, suitable thnzcv IDO being Aadded at this point of theoperation, if desired or necessary, and the fused gangue or extraneousmatter is then tapped oli' in the form of liquid cinders; but thetemperature is at no time raised suiiiciently to fuse the metal, and themetallic bali when the liquid cinder has been separated therefrom isthen removed from the furnace and constitutes a high qualityoi"wroughtiron which is free from metnlloids and is in condition Jforuse and may delivered to the squeezer or hammer and roil e the ordinarypuddle-ball, or may be us r melting stock for the openhearth turnaCrucible.

it may beA oi eri/ed that i. do not in carrying out my imp -ved processemploy a solid reducing agenti, hence am enabled to pro duceWrought-iron direct from the ore and without fusing the sanne, whichwouid be necessary, if a solid reducing agent were employed, inorder toget rid of the particles of carbonaceous materiel which `would becomemechanically mixed with the metal. Y

Having thus described my invention, what i claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is- Y l. The process of reducing metaliicoxids mixed with gangue, consisting in removing the oxygen therefrom bysubjecting the same to contact with a reducing-ges et a tempera turesuicient to cause the required chemical reactions, but with aninsuicient suppiy ol" free oxygen toconsnme the reducing agents,changing the reducing temperature to a nonredncing one by supniying moreair, raising ecaeee the temperature sufficiently to fuse the ganglio orextraneous matter :ind burn out the metalloids but not lto the extentrequired to fuso the metal, separating' the fusedignngue or extraneousmatter from the metal by meltingl the gangue therefrom and balling themetal Whiie the gangue is being melted away therefrom.

mixed with ganglio, consisting' in maintaining a body of particles ofsuch oxids in motion, to successively bring all of such particles to thesurface, subjecting said moving body or' such oxids to Contact with areducing-gas at such temperature as to cause -the chemical reactionsrequired to remove the oxygen therefrom, but with an insuiiicient supplyoi free oxygento consume the reducing agents, changing the reducingtemperature to a nonrednoing one by supplying more air, raising thetemperature sniiieiently to fusethe gangl'ie or extraneous metter andburn out the metalloids, but not to the extent required to fuse themetal, and While continuing to so move such body separating the fusedgangue or eX- traneous matter lfrom the metal, and balling the latter,substantially as described.

in testimony Whereoi` l have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

THOMAS SHOENBERGER Blniili, Jil.

Witnesses:

li?. H. Kruit, ii. Il'iicnnnms.

2. The process of reducing metallic oxids

